The physiology of individual organs and functional systems

The metabolism in various organs, in addition to similarity, has significant differences that determine the characteristics of their functions. There are significant differences in the metabolism of different tissues that form the body.

Each organ has a specific function. An independent body is relative, since it is part of the system of its activity is regulated by the body as a whole. Bodies are divided into permanent functioning throughout life, and temporary formed at a certain stage of development of the individual and then through the various periods of time dying. Bodies are combined into systems that perform specific functions, such as the nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, excretory, and others.
In the process of historical development of the nervous system of living organisms acquired the leading role, as it brings together the work of all systems and determines the behavior of the organism in the environment, its resistance to environmental influences.

In the process of ensuring the unity of the body and the conditions of his life selectively combines the activity of several organ systems. These temporary associations called functional organ systems. For example, in the acts of behavior combines the functions of the nervous system, musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Functional systems are different from the systems of the fact that they are involved in the various activities of the body, depending on the changes it needs.

The body is a unit, in which organs, systems of organs and functional systems perform a single function of maintaining and developing the life of the body in a continuously changing world around them. This feature is the relatively independent activity of all the organs, organ systems and functional systems, despite the significant changes in the external environment fluctuates within a certain range, and thanks mainly to the influence of the nervous system returns to a relatively constant average level. The body support relative dynamic constancy of the functions of internal organs and biochemical composition of the internal environment, which is referred to as homeostasis (K. Bernard, W. Cannon).


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The physiology of individual organs and functional systems